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− | =character state= | + | =character state(s)= |
| *形質状態(日本語) | | *形質状態(日本語) |
| * (Español) | | * (Español) |
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| ===Glossary of "Cladistics (2nd ed.)" by [[Kitching_Forey_Humphries_Williams_1998|Kitching et al. (1998)]]=== | | ===Glossary of "Cladistics (2nd ed.)" by [[Kitching_Forey_Humphries_Williams_1998|Kitching et al. (1998)]]=== |
| *(1) A scored observation of a feature perceived in the organism(s) chosen to represent a [[terminal_taxon|terminal taxon]]. (2) One of two or more alternative manifestations of a [[character]] (2). | | *(1) A scored observation of a feature perceived in the organism(s) chosen to represent a [[terminal_taxon|terminal taxon]]. (2) One of two or more alternative manifestations of a [[character]] (2). |
| + | |
| + | ===Glossary of "Plant Systematics (1st ed.)" by [[Simpson_2006|Simpson (2006)]]=== |
| + | * One of two or more forms of a character. |
| + | |
| + | ===Glossary of "Evolution (3rd ed.)" by [[Futuyma_2013|Futuyma (2013)]]=== |
| + | *One of the variant conditions of a character (e.g., yellow versus brown as state of the character "color of snail shell"). |
| + | |
| + | ===Glossary of "Evolution (4th ed.)" by [[Futuyma_Kirkpatrick_2017|Futuyma & Kirkpatrick (2017)]]=== |
| + | *One of the variant conditions of a character (e.g., yellow versus brown as the state of the character "color of snail shell"). |
| | | |
| == 文献(引用) == | | == 文献(引用) == |
| *[[Kitching_Forey_Humphries_Williams_1998|Kitching, I. J., Forey, P. L. Humphries, C. J. & Williams, D. M. 1998. Cladistics, 2nd ed.: the Theory and Practice of Parsimony Analysis. -xii + 228 pp. Oxford University Press, New York.]] | | *[[Kitching_Forey_Humphries_Williams_1998|Kitching, I. J., Forey, P. L. Humphries, C. J. & Williams, D. M. 1998. Cladistics, 2nd ed.: the Theory and Practice of Parsimony Analysis. -xii + 228 pp. Oxford University Press, New York.]] |
| + | *[[Simpson_2006|Simpson, M. G. 2006. Plant Systematics. -xi + 590 pp. Elsevier Academic Press, Oxford.]] |
| + | *[[Futuyma_2013|Futuyma, D. J. 2013. Evolution, 3rd ed. -xviii + 656 + 14 + 37 + 2 + 36 pp. Sinauer Associates, Inc., Sunderland.]] |
| + | *[[Futuyma_Kirkpatrick_2017|Futuyma, D. J. & Kirkpatrick, M. 2017. Evolution, 4th ed. -xviii + 602 pp. Sinauer Associates, Inc., Sunderland.]] |
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| [[Category:形態]] | | [[Category:形態]] |
| [[Category:生態]] | | [[Category:生態]] |
| + | [[Category:進化]] |
| + | [[Category:系統]] |
| [[Category:生化学]] | | [[Category:生化学]] |
| [[Category:化学]] | | [[Category:化学]] |