adaptation
Definition
- the fitness of an organism for its environment; it is usually measured by longevity (physiological adaptation) or by reproductive success (evolutionary adaptation); also, the process leading to the adapted condition.
Glossary of "Evolutionary Biology (3rd ed.)" by Futuyma (1998)
- A process of genetic change of a population, owing to natural selection, whereby the average stage of a character becomes improved with reference to a specific function, or whereby a population is thought to have become better suited to some feature of its environment. Also, an adaptation: a feature that has become prevalent in a population because of a selective advantage owing to its provision of an improvement in some function. A complex concept; see Chapter 12.
Glossary of "Plant Systematics (1st ed.)" by Simpson (2006)
- A structure or feature that performs a particular function and which results in increased survival or reproduction.
- (1) adaptation (desensitization): Adjustment of sensitivity following repeated stimulation. The mechanism that allows a cell to react to small changes in stimuli even against a high background level of stimulation. (2) evolutionary adaptation: an evolved trait.
Glossary of "Ecology (6th ed.)" by Krebs (2009)
- any alteration in the structure or function of an organism by which the organism becomes better able to survive and multiply in its environment.
Glossary of "Evolution (2nd ed.)" by Futuyma (2009)
- A process of genetic change in a population whereby, as a result of natural selection, the average state of a character becomes improved with reference to a specific function, or whereby a population is thought to have become better suited to some feature of its environment. Also, an adaptation: a feature that has become prevalent in a population because of a selective advantage conveyed by that feature in the improvement in some function.
Glossary of "Evolution (3rd ed.)" by Futuyma (2013)
- A process of genetic change in a population whereby, as a result of natural selection, the average state of a character becomes improved with reference to a specific function, or whereby a population is thought to have become better suited to some feature of its environment. Also, an adaptation: a feature that has become prevalent in a population because of a selective advantage conveyed by that feature in the improvement in some function. A complex concept.
- A process of genetic change in a population whereby, as a result of natural selection, the average state of a character becomes improved with reference to a specific function, or whereby a population is thought to have become better suited to some feature of its environment. Also, an adaptation: a feature that has become prevalent in a population because of a selective advantage conveyed by that feature in the improvement in some function.
文献（引用）
- Alberts, B., Johnson, A., Lewis, J. Raff, M., Roberts, K. & Walter P. 2008. Molecular Biology of the Cell, 5th ed. -xxxiv + 1616 pp. Garland Science, New York.
- Futuyma, D. J. 1998. Evolutionary Biology, 3rd ed. -xviii + 763 pp. Sinauer Associates, Inc., Sunderland.
- Futuyma, D. J. 2009. Evolution, 2nd ed. -xviii + 633 pp. Sinauer Associates, Inc., Sunderland.
- Futuyma, D. J. 2013. Evolution, 3rd ed. -xviii + 656 + 14 + 37 + 2 + 36 pp. Sinauer Associates, Inc., Sunderland.
- Futuyma, D. J. & Kirkpatrick, M. 2017. Evolution, 4th ed. -xviii + 602 pp. Sinauer Associates, Inc., Sunderland.
- Hardin, G. & Bajema, C. 1978. Biology, its Principles and Implications, third edition. -x + 790 pp. W. H. Freeman and Company, San Francisco.
- Krebs, C. J. 2009. Ecology, 6th ed. -xvi + 655 pp. Pearson Benjamin Cummings, San Francisco.
- Simpson, M. G. 2006. Plant Systematics. -xi + 590 pp. Elsevier Academic Press, Oxford.
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