PCR

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Polymerase chain reactionから転送)
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polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

  • ポリメラーゼ連鎖反応(日本語)
  • (Español)

解説

  • 容器内でDNAを人工的に合成する反応.
  • 1983年にKary B. Mullisにより原理が考えられたが,Saiki et al.(1985)で知られることになった.方法自体はMullis & Faloona(1987)で発表された.
  • 現在では自動化され,生物学の研究を行う上で必要不可欠な技術になっている.

Explanation

Introduction in Giovannoni (1991)

  • The polymerase chain reaction for gene amplification (PCR), introduced by Saiki and colleagues in 1985, has the qualities of a great scientific discovery: technical simplicity, yetthe remarkable power and versatility to cause rapid transformations in many fields. In microbial systematics PCR is replacing standard methods for clonig and sequencing genes, the basic processes by which molecular phylogenetic comparisons are made among organisms. The advantage of PCR include simplicity, speed, and an inherent sensitivity to small amounts of DNA (Mullis and Faloona, 1987).

Definition

Glossary of Plant Systematics (1st ed.) by Simpson (2006)

  • A procedure for the rapid amplification of DNA using primers, free nucleotides, and DNA polymerase in solution and heating the solution to effect denaturation and replication of the DNA. Abbr: PCR.

Glossary of "Life (9th ed.)" by Sadava et al. (2011)

  • An enzymatic technique for the rapid production of millions of copies of a particular stretch of DNA where only a small amount of the parent molecule is available.

Glossary of "The Evolution of Plants (2nd ed.)" by Willis & McElwain (2014)

  • Technique used to replicate a fragment of DNA so as to produce many copies of a particular DNA sequence.

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